Nobel Prize of Medicine 1997

Nobel Prize of Medicine 1997
Stanley B. Prusiner for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection

Stanley B. Prusiner was born in 1942 in Des Moines, Iowa, USA. Since 1968 he has been a professor in neurology, biochemistry, and virology at the University of California in San Francisco, and in Berkeley.

Prusiner won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1997 for his work proposing an explanation for the cause of bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow disease") and its human equivalent, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. In this work, he coined the term prion, which comes from "proteinaceous infectious particle that lacks nucleic acid" to refer to a previously undescribed form of infection due to protein misfolding.

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Gabriel Garcia Marquez Biography

Gabriel García Márquez was born in 1928 in the small town of Aracataca, situated in a tropical region of northern Colombia, between the mountains and the Caribbean Sea. He grew up with his maternal grandparent - his grandfather was a pensioned colonel from the civil war at the beginning of the century. He went to a Jesuit college and began to read law, but his studies were soon broken off for his work as a journalist. In 1954 he was sent to Rome on an assignment for his newspaper, and since then he has mostly lived abroad - in Paris, New York, Barcelona and Mexico - in a more or less compulsory exile. Besides his large output of fiction he has written screenplays and has continued to work as a journalist.

Novels

• In Evil Hour 1962
• One Hundred Years of Solitude 1967
• The Autumn of the Patriarch 1975
• Chronicle of a Death Foretold 1981
• Love in the Time of Cholera 1985
• The General in His Labyrinth 1989
• Of Love and Other Demons 1994
• Memories of My Melancholy Whores 2004

Grammar Excercise::Gerunds 1

Correct! Well done.Your score is 70%.
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1. Dan enjoys reading science fiction.
2. Cheryl suggested seeing a movie after work.
3. I miss working in the travel industry. Maybe I can get my old job back.
4. Where did you learn to speak Spanish? Was it in Spain or in Latin America?
5. Do you mind helping me translate this letter?
6. He asked to talk to the store manager.
7. You've never mentioned living in Japan before. How long did you live there?
8. If he keeps coming to work late, he's going to get fired!
9. Debbie plans to study abroad next year.
10. I agreed to help Jack wash his car.

Literature::Harlem

Page 259: Mood. Are you in a good mood or in a bad mood today? A setting like a fireside creates a mood of joy or happiness, a warm mood.

What moods are created y the following settings?

- A Dark castle: Mood of fear

- A Sunny beach: Mood of fun

- High mountains peaks: Mood of calm and peacefully
- A tempest at sea: Mood of fear and danger

2. Where is Harlem located?

In Manhattan, New York City, in USA

3. How where American affected by the Great Depression?

Americans faces severe economic problems, many people who still had jobs worked fewer hours for less pay

4. What happened to those who still had jobs?

Who still had jobs worked fewer hours for less pay.

5. Which population inhabited Harlem?

In Harlem inhabited primarily by African Americans.

6. Page 260: Which VERB is repeated 4 times?

The verb that is repeated 4 times is Remember

7. In stanza 1, which adjective is repeated 3 times?

The adjective that’s repeat is Old

8. In stanza 2: What are 2 problems denounced in this stanza?

1. When the man at the corner store says sugar’s gone up another two cents, and bread one.

2. They remember the job that they never had, and they can’t have now

9. What is the cause, according to the poem? Is it the only cause?

Well, the problem of the poem is that the Africans Americans can’t get a job because they were colored.

10. Read The Death of the ball turret gunner, page287: Give 3 visual elements of the poem, elements you can visualize:

1.From my mother’s sleep I fell into the State

In this element he expressed when he has to be in the ball turret gunner, he thought that his mother was sleeping while he was in the air.

2.And I hunched in its belly till my wet fur froze

He remember when he was in the belly of his mother, and I think that he felt scare and fear of the safety of his mother after his dead.

3.Six miles from the earth, loosed form its dream of life

When he was in the air he thought and knows that was the last thing that he do in his life.

Biology::Procces of Tissue Repair

Procces of Tissue Repair

by Jonathan Ortega & Sueli Skinner

Tissue: Definition
A tissue is a group of cells that usually have a common embryonic origin and function together to carry out a specific task. Structure and properties of tissues are influenced by the extracellular fluids around the cells and types of cell junctions that are present. The study of tissues is called Histology.

žTissue Repair
Epithelial tissues and most connective tissues have a continuous capacity for renewal. In some instances, undifferentiated cells called Stem Cells divide and replace lost and damaged cells. Stem cells are found in protected locations in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Stem cells in bone marrow continually provide red and white blood cells. Stem cells called satellite cells are present in muscle tissue, but they divide too slowly for tissue repair. Smooth muscle cells may proliferate, but still too slowly for replacement of damaged tissues. Stem cells in brain tissue generally do not undergo mitosis to replace damaged tissue.

žScars sometimes result as tissues repair themselves. The process of scar tissue formation is called Fibrosis. Adhesions result from abnormal joining of tissues by scar tissues. Extreme adhesions developing after an injury may actually interfere with a tissue or organ’s ability to function properly.

žProper nutrition, blood circulation, and age may affect the rate of tissue repair. Healing processes place extra demands upon the body, so proper nutrition is vital to the healing process. Adequate protein must be present in the diet, and vitamins are essential for wound healing.

ž Vitamin A is essential for replacement and healing of epithelial tissues. B-vitamins are needed by cellular enzyme systems, and Vitamin C is essential for production and maintenance of collagen and development of new blood vessels. Vitamin D is needed for bone healing and formation, and Vitamin K is essential in the blood clotting process. Vitamin E may help prevent some types of tissue scar

Tissue Reapair Procces in an inflamation (Flash Animation)

Excercise 4 Past Tense/Past Continous:::English Page

Correct! Well done.Your score is 96%.
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Last night, while I was doing my homework, Angela (call) called. She said she (call) was calling me on her cell phone from her biology classroom at UCLA. I asked her if she (wait) was waiting for class, but she said that the professor was at the front of the hall lecturing while she (talk) was talking to me. I couldn't believe she (make) was making a phone call during the lecture. I asked what was going on.

She said her biology professor was so boring that several of the students (sleep, actually) were actually sleeping in class. Some of the students (talk) were talking about their plans for the weekend and the student next to her (draw) was drawing a picture of a horse. When Angela (tell) told me she was not satisfied with the class, I (mention) mentioned that my biology professor was quite good and (suggest) suggested that she switch to my class.

While we were talking, I (hear) heard her professor yell, "Miss, are you making a phone call?" Suddenly, the line went dead. I (hang) hung up the phone and went to the kitchen to make dinner. As I (cut) was cutting vegetables for a salad, the phone rang once again. It (be) was Angela, but this time she wasn't sitting in class.

Excercise 3 Past Tense/Past Continous:::English Page

Correct! Well done.Your score is 84%.
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1. A: What (you, do) were you doing when the accident occurred? B: I (try) was trying to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
2. After I (find) found the wallet full of money, I (go, immediately) immediately went to the police and (turn) turned it in.
3. The doctor (say) said that Tom (be) was too sick to go to work and that he (need) needed to stay at home for a couple of days.
4. Sebastian (arrive) arrived at Susan's house a little before 9:00 PM, but she (be, not) was not there. She (study, at the library) was studying at the library for her final examination in French.
5. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this time yesterday, she (watch, also) was also watching television. That's all she ever does!
6. A: I (call) called you last night after dinner, but you (be, not) were not there. Where were you? B: I (work) was working out at the fitness center.
7. When I (walk) walked into the busy office, the secretary (talk) was talking on the phone with a customer, several clerks (work, busily) were busily working at their desks, and two managers (discuss, quietly) were quietly discussing methods to improve customer service.
8. I (watch) was watching a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends.
9. Sharon (be) was in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she (listen, not) was not listening.
10. It's strange that you (call) called because I (think, just) was just thinking about you.
11. The Titanic (cross) was crossing the Atlantic when it (strike) struck an iceberg.
12. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of merchants (bargain, busily) were busily bargaining and (try) trying to sell their goods to naive tourists who (hunt) were hunting for souvenirs. Some young boys (lead) were leading their donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men (argue) were arguing over the price of a leather belt. I (walk) walked over to a man who (sell) was selling fruit and (buy) bought a banana.
13. The firemen (rescue) rescued the old woman who (be) was trapped on the third floor of the burning building.
14. She was so annoying! She (leave, always) was always leaving her dirty dishes in the sink. I think she (expect, actually) actually expected me to do them for her.
15. Samantha (live) lived in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she (live) was living there when the Berlin Wall came down.